tragedy/adversity/calamity/catastrophe/disaster/misfortune.导航词义：悲剧，灾难

1. tragedy:n. 悲剧性事件，惨剧.指因有人死亡而令人震惊的不幸事件。

Mother's sudden death was a tragedy to the family.

母亲的突然去世对全家是一个极大的不幸。

The tragedy he mentioned took place in March.

他提到的那一悲惨事件发生在3月。

The tragedy occurred during the earthquake when four people of the same family were killed.

地震中悲剧发生了，一家人中有四个丧命。

2. adversity:n. 逆境，不幸.指困难重重或不走运的境况。

The others were greatly inspired by his courage in the face of adversity.

他面对逆境的勇气极大地鼓舞了其他人。

He is always ready to deal with adversity.

他时刻准备着去应对逆境。

3. calamity:n. 灾难，祸患.指意外发生的、造成重大损失的灾祸，语气强于 disaster，侧重于悲痛的心情；有时也指个人的不幸， 多为幽默用语。

It will be a calamity for farmers if it keeps raining.

如果雨一直下个不停，将会给农民带来灾难。

The flood brought calamities to the local people.

洪水给当地民众带来了巨大灾难。

The marriage proved to be the greatest calamity of her life.

事实证明这桩婚姻是她一生中最大的不幸。

It will be a calamity if I fail my English exam.

这次英语考试我要是通不过就惨了。

4. catastrophe:n. 重大灾难；大祸.语气最强，指造成破坏、死亡的可怕灾难，强调最终的结局；也可指极为麻烦的局面或悲惨的结局。

Food is required immediately to avert a humanitarian catastrophe.

急需食物以避免一场人道主义灾难。

The forest fire was a catastrophe.

那场森林火灾是个大灾难。

The natural catastrophe dealt a heavy blow to this country's economy.

这场自然灾害给该国经济带来了严重的打击。

If the project is cancelled, it will be a catastrophe for all of the companies concerned.

如果该项目取消，对所有相关公司将是个灾难。

5. disaster:n. 灾难，灾祸.普通用词，通常指各类人为或自然的灾祸，如核泄漏、洪水、暴风雪等。

The plane flew through the clouds in time and a disaster was narrowly averted.

飞机及时地飞过了云层，侥幸避免了一场灾难。

The oil spill was a disaster for sea animals.

那次石油泄漏对海洋动物是一场灾难。

The conference turned out to be a complete disaster.

大会最终搞得一团糟。

They overcame the natural disaster and even had a bumper harvest.

他们战胜了自然灾害，甚至还获得了大丰收。

6. misfortune:n. 不幸，灾祸.多指较为严重的不幸，强调多由厄运或外界因素所致。

The climbers had the misfortune of running into a snowslide, but no one got hurt.

登山队员不幸遇到雪崩，但没有人受伤。

She is distressed by misfortune.

厄运使她忧伤。

We had the misfortune to run into a violent storm.

我们不幸遭遇了猛烈的暴风雨。

misfortune befell me when I was still young.

我年纪还很小的时候就遭到了不幸。

全部

1·His story is a catalogue of misfortune.

他的经历中充满了接二连三的厄运。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

2·He has known great misfortune in his life.

他一生中经历过巨大的不幸。《牛津词典》

3·We had the misfortune to run into a violent storm.

我们不幸遭遇了猛烈的暴风雨。《牛津词典》

4·What misfortune has happened?

发生了什么不幸呢？

5·It is said to be an omen of misfortune.

那被认为是一种不幸的先兆。《新英汉大辞典》

6·Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.

他成年后的大部分时间都在与债务和不幸作着失败的斗争。

7·If only my misfortune might serve as a lesson to disobedient boys who refuse to study!

要是我的不幸能给那些不听话、不肯学习的男孩们一个教训就好了！

8·I felt more than ordinary human sympathy for him in his misfortune, and I was deeply moved as a fellow sufferer.

我对他的不幸感到了比普通人更多的同情，我还有一种深切的同病相怜的感触。

9·We became companions in misfortune.

我们成了患难之交。《牛津词典》

10·As the saying goes, A hero is known in the time of misfortune.

俗话说：“时势造英雄。”

不幸

1·He has known great misfortune in his life.

他一生中经历过巨大的不幸。《牛津词典》

2·What misfortune has happened?

发生了什么不幸呢？

3·It is said to be an omen of misfortune.

那被认为是一种不幸的先兆。《新英汉大辞典》

4·Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.

他成年后的大部分时间都在与债务和不幸作着失败的斗争。

5·If only my misfortune might serve as a lesson to disobedient boys who refuse to study!

要是我的不幸能给那些不听话、不肯学习的男孩们一个教训就好了！

厄运

1·His story is a catalogue of misfortune.

他的经历中充满了接二连三的厄运。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》

2·What's different now is the emphasis on inner happiness, and controlling your own mood in the face of turbulence or misfortune.

快乐指导的不同之处在于，它强调的是内心的快乐，以及在面临混乱或厄运时控制自己的情绪。

3·In some cultures, spirits are held responsible, while in others, individuals are identified as witches and blamed for the misfortune.

在某些文化中，他们将之归咎于灵魂，但在另一些文化中，个人会遭到责难，被当成是带来厄运的巫师。

4·Don't shed crocodile tears over his misfortune, I know you hate him.

不要假惺惺的为他的厄运假慈悲了，我知道你恨他。

5·Just as bad qualities can be revealed in good fortune, the best quality is revealed in misfortune.

正如恶劣的品质可以在幸运中暴露一样，最美好的品质也是在厄运中被显示的。

变故

1·After that misfortune, I was imagining to go to the distant place. Because leaving the deepest love hometown. I feel that no land can depend on.

从那次变故之后，我就在想象通往远方的路途，因为离开最深爱的故里，我感觉无地可依了。

灾难

1·They lacked, in a certain measure, the majesty of their misfortune.

他们在一定程度上缺少那种正视灾难的尊严气派。

2·After the ceremony, people began splashing water over each other for fun as well as blessing to rinse away sickness and misfortune.

典礼过后，人们为了好玩和对冲掉身上疾病和灾难的祝福，开始向彼此身上泼水。

3·Every year, they celebrate the New year based on their calendar, by splashing water on each other, to rinse away sickness and misfortune.

每年，他们根据自己的日历庆祝新年，通过向彼此身上泼水冲掉疾病和灾难。

4·By the time Pecora was finished, the public saw Wall Street's finest not as bystanders but as malicious purveyors of the misfortune that had affected millions.

佩科拉成功地使公众不再视华尔街的监管者们为旁观者，而认为他们在一场殃及数百万人的灾难中充当了恶毒的帮凶。

5·His regular presence on the scenes of misfortune has inspired local viewers to jokingly call him Shanghai's face of tragedy.

他定期出现在这些灾难现场让当地的观察着开玩笑地称他为上海悲剧脸。

祸

1·Misfortune comes on wing and departs on foot.

祸来如插翅，祸去如步行。

2·Intellectuals and scholars of different countries, from different angles, meditate over and probe into fortune and misfortune, happiness and anxiety-the future and fate of mankind.

在这百年之交和千年之交的历史转型时期，各国的文人学士，从不同的角度和侧面，思考和探究新世纪的福与祸、喜和忧，关注和展望人类的前途与命运。

3·The so-called misfortune money means that people ascribe the cause of a misfortune or disaster to money.

所谓“祸财”，就是人们把日常生活中发生的一些恶性事件的祸端归结于钱财。

4·Informed of this good news in many wards, the door closed quickly ran down the stairs or avoid misfortune.

许多病房获知此凶讯后，连忙跑下楼或紧闭房门避祸。

不幸遭遇

1·We had the misfortune to run into a violent storm.

我们不幸遭遇了猛烈的暴风雨。《牛津词典》

2·Then she poured out her tale of misfortune.

然后她讲述了自己的不幸遭遇。

灾祸

1·The misfortune will take place if we forget ourselves because of our laches .

懈怠疏忽而忘记了自身，灾祸就会发生。

2·Thus we may not only become exhausted but also be overwhelmed with misfortune.

非但累的半死，而且还会引来灾祸。

不测

1·The only way many of their clients can get their money back is if they suffer misfortune.

保险公司的客户要拿回他们的钱，唯一的可能就是他们遭遇不测。