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1·Thus the ratio decidendi of the higher court is to be followed.

因此，上级法院的此项判决理由就将得到遵循。

2·Once a legal principle has been stated as the ratio decidendi of a case it will stand as a binding or persuasive authority according to the court in which it was formulated.

一旦一项法律原则被表述为某一案件的判决理由，根据进行判决的法院的不同，它就成为一种拘束性或者说服性的法律权威。

3·After descibing practical rules of application in different courts, it emphases that the binding part in a precedent actually is ratio decidendi and discusses the method of distincting it.

遵循先例的规则及哲学基础。 在介绍了遵循先例原则在不同法院的操作规则后，着重指出先例中具有法律效力的乃是判决理由，并讨论了如何识别判决中的判决理由。