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1·The beauty of the experimental design is that it effectively rules out confounding variables; acoustic isolation assures that the female can respond only to the song structure itself.

实验设计的美妙之处在于它有效地排除了混淆变量；声学隔离确保了雌性只能对鸣声结构本身做出反应。

2·Analyses were adjusted for confounding variables using logistic regression.

使用逻辑回归调整了混杂变量分析。

3·Identify possible biases and confounding variables, both during the design phase of the study and the interpretation of the results.

可以通过研究的设计步骤和结果的合理解释来鉴别可能的偏差和混杂的变量。

4·That study was challenged because data were collected at several institutions, and thus had numerous possibly confounding variables.

由于此前的研究数据是从数座医院获取的，其中难免会混杂一些影响研究结果的变数，因此，该调查的结果受到了质疑。

5·One of the difficulties of such research is that it isn't really an experiment- it is impossible to control for all of the confounding variables.

这种研究的困难之一是它不全是一项实验它不可能控制各种混杂变量。

6·Internal validity: the degree to which the results of a study can be attributed to the treatment rather than extraneous or confounding variables.

内部效度：一个实验结果归咎于实验处理，而非归咎于无关的混淆的变量的程度。

7·This is a problem in nearly every study, and even in studies controlling for known confounding variables, residual confounding remains a concern.

这几乎每个研究都存在的问题，甚至在控制已知混杂因素的研究中，其他的混杂因素依然受到人们的关注。

8·The study sounds simple, but the design of the experiments was actually somewhat complex, because the researchers had to overcome a number of confounding variables.

这个实验听起来很简单，但是实验的设计确实有一定程度的复杂性，因为研究人员不得不克服一些混淆变量。

9·Understand why multiple regression techniques allow for the analysis of the relationship between an outcome and a predictor in the presence of confounding variables.

了解为何复回归允许在有干扰变数的情况下，分析单一结果和预测变项的关联性。

10·They also knew that, by working with surveys from three countries, and with such a wide range of ages, they would diversify the data and iron out confounding variables.

他们也明白研究三个国家的调查结果，而且是这么广的年龄跨度，他们能使数据多样化且消除混杂变量。