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1·The way of covering the stumps of bronchi with mediastinal pleura could reduce the incidence of bronchopleural fistula.

支气管残端纵隔胸膜化能降低支气管胸膜瘘的发生；

2·Parietal pleural dissemination with nodules were found in 45 sites which located on the diaphragmatic pleura, the costal pleura, the mediastinal pleura, and the pulmonary ligament.

壁层胸膜转移结节分布在膈胸膜、肋胸膜、纵隔胸膜、肺韧带，共45处。

3·There are different kinds of the openings on the surfaces of the diaPhragmatic pleura and caudal costal pleura and caudal mediastinal pleura. Red blood cells partly or entirely en…

膈胸膜、肋胸膜尾侧和纵隔胸膜尾侧的间皮细胞有各种形态的开口，红细胞和其它细胞部分进入或完全进入开口。

4·Conclusion It is the feature of malignant pleural effusion that unilateral, mass pleural effusion, and pleural thickening irregular or limited with involvement of mediastinal pleura;

结论单侧、大量积液且张力高，胸膜不规则增厚，纵隔胸膜受累对恶性诊断有特异性；

5·Objective To explore the application value of mediastinal neoplasms excision outside of pleura.

目的探讨胸膜外切除纵隔肿瘤的应用价值。