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1·The brain drain reinforces a demographic trend.

人才流失加强人口统计学的倾向。

2·And then, of course, there's the long-term demographic trend.

接下来，当然是长期的人口统计动向。

3·This could happen either when the favourable demographic trend worsens or urbanisation ends.

当有利的人口统计学趋势恶化，或城市化进程结束时，都可能出现这种局面。

4·That is not too bad by rich-world standards, but the trend is downwards, and if it drops much further GDP will turn negative because of the country’s demographic drag.

这对于富裕国家的标准来说不算太差，但总趋势是下降的，一旦下降加剧，由于人口统计的拖累，日本国内生产总值将出现负增长。