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1·Shortcutting trees and spanners with low spanner diameter;

捷径树和具有低支撑直径的支撑；

2·Furthermore, it analyzes the shortcutting method of the basic structure in detail and gives a concrete calculation process by hand.

并详细探讨了位移法基本结构的简化方法，借助于手算实例说明其具体的简化过程。