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1·PLZT thin film without intermediate pre-annealing process displays (100)-preferential orientation.

没有中间温度预退火过程的薄膜，显示出（100）择优取向；

2·This sample holder is placed at 25 to the X-ray beam and rotated at a rate of 1 rpm to avoid preferential orientation effects.

本样品储存器在X射线中放置25 秒，旋转的速度为每分钟1圈，以避免择优取向的影响。

3·The northern part of the region (to the right of the main image) displays linear features with a preferential northwest-southeast orientation.

本区域的北部(见主图像右侧)有呈西北-东南方向的线状地物。

4·The surface morphology after preferential corrosion along the vertical orientation was observed via an optical microscope.

用光学显微镜观测和分析电火花线切割硅表面沿纵向分层择优腐蚀后的形貌；

5·Surface morphologies and microstructures of the whisker were characterized by using SEM, HRTEM and SCXD. The preferential growth orientation of the whisker was determined to be along its direction.

通过SEM、HRTEM及SCXD等表征手段，对晶须的表面形貌和微观结构进行了分析，并确定其生长方向为晶须的方向。