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1·The cybernetic difference between an organism such as a pollywog and an ecosystem such as a fresh-water bog is that an organism is tightly bound, and strict; an ecosystem is loosely bound, and lax.

从控制论的角度看，象蝌蚪这样的有机体和淡水沼泽这样的生态系统之间控制方式的不同在于，单个有机体受到严格紧密的束缚，而生态系统则宽松自由，不受束缚。