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1·Spencer's territorial-expansion model argues that states arise through a mutual-causal process involving simultaneous territorial expansion and bureaucratization.

斯宾塞的领土扩张模式主张国家是随着相互因果的进化而兴起的，这个过程包含了领土扩张和官僚化得同时性。

2·The current development of industrialization of boxing market of China is mainly due to the lack of mass basis and the bureaucratization of boxing competition system.

当前我国拳击市场产业化不足的原因主要是群众基础薄弱和拳击运动竞赛体制的行政化。