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1·Therefore, competitive advantage indicates, not an absolute (optimal, maximum), but a relative notion of profit performance.

因此，竞争优势并不是指一个绝对的(最优的，最大化的)概念，而是一个相对的利润业绩概念。

2·This life which has returned to itself from the bias and finitude of cognition, and which by the activity of the notion has become identical with it, is the Speculative or Absolute Idea.

这种由于认识的有限性和区别作用而回归到自身，并通过概念的活动而与它自身同一的生命，就是思辨的理念或绝对理念。

3·Ross rejected the utilitarian notion that an action is made right by its consequences alone, but he was also troubled by Kant's absolute rules.

罗斯拒绝功利主义通过结果确定行为的正当性的做法，而他也受困于康德的绝对命令。

4·The Idea is essentially a process, because its identity is the absolute and free identity of the notion, only in so far as it is absolute negativity and for that reason dialectical.

理念本质上是一个过程，因为只是就理念的同一性是概念的绝对的和自由的同一性来说，只是就理念是绝对的否定性来说，因此也只是就理念的辩证的来说，(它才是个过程)。