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1·Professor Pretty and his colleagues calculated the externalities of British agriculture for one particular year.

普雷蒂教授和他的同事计算了某一年英国农业的外部性。

2·The fact that burning fuel creates these negative externalities does not imply that no tax on fuel could ever be too high.

燃烧燃料产生这些“负外部性”的事实并不意味着燃油税不会太高。

3·Economics is precise about the tax that should, in principle, be levied to deal with negative externalities: the tax on a liter of fuel should be equal to the harm caused by using a liter of fuel.

从经济学的角度来看，为了应对负外部性，原则上应该征收的税收是准确的：对一升燃料征收的税应该等于使用一升燃料所造成的危害。

4·Positive pecuniary externalities create incentives.

正面的经济外部性会产生激励。

5·Or, why should externalities be internalized?

或者说，为什么要把外部性内部化？

6·This also an example of positive externalities.

这也是正外部性的一个例子。

7·The information goods displayed more and more network externalities.

信息商品表现出了越来越强的网络外部性。

8·Negative externalities are one of the main reasons for market failure.

负外部性是引起市场失灵的主要原因之一。

9·Much environmental economics concerns externalities or public bads.

环境经济学考虑外部性，或者“公害”。

10·Are you worried at all about externalities we won't or can't anticipate?

您是否会担心那些我们没有或者无法考虑到的外部问题？

外部性

1·Professor Pretty and his colleagues calculated the externalities of British agriculture for one particular year.

普雷蒂教授和他的同事计算了某一年英国农业的外部性。

2·The fact that burning fuel creates these negative externalities does not imply that no tax on fuel could ever be too high.

燃烧燃料产生这些“负外部性”的事实并不意味着燃油税不会太高。

3·Economics is precise about the tax that should, in principle, be levied to deal with negative externalities: the tax on a liter of fuel should be equal to the harm caused by using a liter of fuel.

从经济学的角度来看，为了应对负外部性，原则上应该征收的税收是准确的：对一升燃料征收的税应该等于使用一升燃料所造成的危害。

4·Urban planners know this problem all too well. After all, traffic is filled with negative externalities.

当然，城市的交通规划者们对于这个问题也是很清楚的，毕竟，城市交通总是充斥了各式各样的负外部性问题，例如某位司机轻踩刹车的微小行为，就会引发一连串的连锁效应，对众多其他司机产生影响。

5·It's certainly true that there are some externalities --where some people will enjoy the music for free without ever takingpart in paying for the scarce components.

当然，这种做法会产生负面的外部性：免费下载音乐的人，不一定都会付款购买使用缺乏资源的部份。