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1·If the drawer or indorser is bankrupt, a refund may notice issued to the parties or the trustee himself.

如出票人或背书人破产，退票通知得向当事人本人或受托人发出。

2·In this case, any sign of the party being wiped clean with a recourse liability of the indorser can be lifted.

在此情况下，任何对被涂销签名之当事人具有追索权之背书人的责任即可解除。

3·The indorser of a bill, by indorsing it engages that, on due presentment, it shall be accepted and paid according to its tenor.

汇票背书人，于背书汇票后，即保证该汇票在正式提示时会按照其期限获承兑及支付。

4·In such case, any indorser who would have had a right of recourse against the party whose signature is cancelled is also discharged.

在此情况下，任何本可对该签名被注销之当事人行使追偿权之背书人，其责任亦告解除。

5·A restrictive indorsement gives the indorsee the right to receive payment of the bill and to sue any party thereto that his indorser could have sued.

有限制背书赋予被背书人收取汇票款项及起诉其背书人所能起诉之任何一方之权利；

6·The bill of intermediation are, as the drawer, acceptor or indorser of the bill to sign, but that person does not receive value for this purpose, the purpose is to lend their names to others.

汇票之融通人是作为出票人、承兑人或背书人在汇票上签名之人，但该人并未为此而收取价值，其目的在于将其名字借与其他人。

7·If the bill as a non-drawer, acceptor or indorser signature of the party's share has, until the contrary is proved, be presumed that the person on grounds of effective and unconditional delivery.

如汇票非作为出票人、承兑人或背书人签名之当事人所占有，在有相反证明之前，应推定为由该人有效和无条件交付。

8·If the bill is received by the drawer or indorser to retain acceptance of the notice within a reasonable time without ticket holders did not agree shall be deemed to have agreed to retain acceptance.

如汇票之出票人或背书人收到保留承兑之通知，而未在合理时间内向持票人表示不同意，应被视为同意保留承兑。