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1·Through instruments such as open-market operations, the Fed directly controls the quantity of money supplied.

通过公开市场运作等工具，美联储直接控制 货币供给的数量。

2·However, at that point, it would still be true that open-market operations involving reserves and bills would not matter.

而然，在2%这个点，包含准备金和中期国债的公开市场操作是无效的结论可能仍然是正确的。

3·In addition to slashing interest rates, the central bank has been buying bank bonds through its open-market operations to help bring down interest rates.

除大幅降息外，央行还一直在通过公开市场操作买入银行债券，以便帮助利率回落。

4·The main object in the open-market operations in China at present is the bonds issued by the central bank, and in the future it should be national debt.

现阶段中国公开市场业务操作对象主要是央行票据，未来中国公开市场业务的操作对象应该以国债为主。

5·The Fed's open market operations are not at all neutral in allocating credit.

美联储在公开市场业务里的信贷分配根本谈不上中立。

6·The Fed did not, in any event, employ aircraft in its open market operations.

不管怎样，美联储还没有在公开市场业务中使用直升机。

7·The physical operation is complicated, the issues involved are subtle, and the use or abuse of open market operations is hotly disputed.

实际操作非常复杂，所涉及的问题也非常难以捉摸，而且，对开放市场操作的使用或滥用也一直存在激烈的争议。

8·The central bank has injected a total 159 billion yuan into the banking system the past five weeks via its open market operations.

在过去的五周，央行通过公开的市场操作向银行系统注入了总共1590亿元人民币。

9·What do you think the end of Permanent Open market Operations effect on the stock market?

你对永久公开市场操作结束对于股票市场的影响怎么看？

10·Month distinctive feature of open market operations.

九个月的公开市场操作的显着特点。