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1·A premium bond will have a lower current yield compared to it's coupon rate and a discount bond will have a higher current yield than it's nominal rate.

一个溢价债券将有一个比较，它的票面利率和折扣债券将有较高的产量比目前的名义利率较低的当前收益率。

2·But obviously the Fed is constrained once nominal rates hit zero, and so the economy returns to its trend growth rate but never recovers the ground lost during the financial shock.

但很明显，一旦名义利率下降到零美联储会受约束，因此经济恢复到趋趋向增长率，但不会在金融冲击下恢复所受损失。

3·If the economic growth and monetization were included in our model the tax rate of seigniorage would be the sum of the contribution rate of growth, the rate of monetization and the nominal rate.

如果考虑经济增长和货币化过程，铸币税的税率等于经济增长贡献率、货币化速度、和名义利率的加总。

4·Yes, type U refers to Unknown for the Nominal Annual Rate.

是的，“U”型指的是未知的名义增长率。

5·In an emerging economy with rapid productivity growth the real exchange rate should rise over time, through either higher inflation or a rise in the nominal exchange rate.

在一个生产率迅速增长的新兴经济体国内，其实际汇率也会随着时间的推移而上升，方式则可能要么通过高通货膨胀率，要么就是名义汇率的上升。

6·The real exchange rate adjusts the nominal exchange rate-the one you normally see quoted-by taking into account changes in the price levels in the two countries involved.

实际汇率是把两国的物价水平考虑在内经过调整的名义汇率，你通常看到引用的是名义汇率。

7·Chinese nominal imports (excluding oil) have grown at a compound rate of 12.2 percent since 1995, with much of the demand being met by regional producers.

1995年以来中国的名义进口额(不包括原油)每年递增12.2%，很大一部分需求是由区域内的生产厂商满足的。

8·If they should decide to reduce the current account surplus, should they allow faster appreciation of the nominal exchange rate or overheating and faster inflation?

如果他们决定减少经常账户盈余，那么他们是否应该允许名义汇率更快上升，或是经济过热和通胀加速？

9·M3 rose by 11.5% in the year to January, nearly three times as fast as the 4% or so rate of nominal GDP growth that is consistent with 2% inflation.

M3比1月份上升了11.5% %，这差不多是在名义GDP大约以4%增长且通胀应维持在2%的时候的三倍速度。

10·Most economists think that the “neutral” rate of interest, which would neither stimulate nor restrain demand in the euro area, is now more than 3% (in nominal terms).

多数的经济学家认为, 中性利率, 即既不刺激也不抑制欧元区需求的利率水平, 应该在3%以上(指名义利率).