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1·In the present paper, the principles of ontological metaphor are applied to the study of Chinese idioms.

本文将认知语言学中的实体隐喻原理，引入汉语成语认知研究中。

2·The conceptual metaphor is divided into three types, namely, structural metaphor, ontological metaphor and orientational metaphor.

概念隐喻分三种：结构隐喻，本体隐喻和方位隐喻。

3·Lakoff and Johnson divide the conceptual metaphor into three kinds: orientational metaphor, ontological metaphor, structural metaphor.

莱考夫和约翰逊根据始源域的不同，把概念隐喻分为三大类：方位隐喻、本体隐喻和结构隐喻。

4·In a cognitive perspective, metaphor can be classified as three types: structural metaphor, orientational metaphor and ontological metaphor.

从认知角度，隐喻可以分为三类：结构隐喻，方位隐喻及实体隐喻。

5·Conceptual metaphors can be classified according to the cognitive functions they perform into three types: structural metaphor, ontological metaphor, and orientational metaphor.

根据概念隐喻的认知功能，它们被分成三类：结构隐喻，本体隐喻和方位隐喻。

6·The application of ontological metaphor principles to cognitive analysis of Chinese idioms will raise the cognition of idioms and will nurture the evidence of cognitive linguistics.

将认知语言学中实体隐喻的原理应用于成语认知分析研究，既提升了对汉语成语的认知，又丰富了认知语言学的佐证材料。

7·Among these three types, structural metaphor accounts for more than 50% of the total, followed by ontological metaphor, while orientational metaphor shares a relatively small proportion.

结构隐喻所占比例最大，超过总数的50%，其次为本体隐喻，而方位隐喻所占比例相对较小。

8·People knew time was an abstract conception through other conceptions of concrete images. Ontological metaphors, orientational metaphors and structure metaphor were the main ways of time metaphor.

人们通过其他具体形象的概念来认知时间这一抽象概念，实体隐喻、空间隐喻和结构隐喻是时间隐喻的主要方法。